Pronunciations
Kodaly
Georg Maraczek Ilona Amalia Arpad Sipos Ladislav Laszlo Hammerschmidt Horvath Rathskeller Liszt Viktor Stefanie Hugo |
koh-diy (like "eye")
George mär-uh-check ee-loan-uh uh-mah-lee-uh ahr-pad see-poh-sh lahd-is-lav laz-low häm-mur-shmit hohr-vaht rät-ske-lər lee-st vik-tohr steh-fuh-nee hew-goh |
Glossary
Shaw
George Bernard Shaw; Irish comic dramatist, literary critic, and socialist propagandist, winner of the Nobel Prize for literature in 1925. Wrote plays such as Major Barbara, Pygmalion, and Saint Joan.(1)
1856-1950
Flaubert
Gustave Flaubert; novelist regarded as the prime mover of the realist school of French literature and best known for his masterpiece, Madame Bovary (1857), a realistic portrayal of bourgeois life, which led to a trial on charges of the novel’s alleged immorality.(1)
1821-1880
Chopin
Frédéric Chopin; Polish French composer and pianist of the Romantic period, best known for his solo pieces for piano and his piano concerti. Ranks as one of music’s greatest tone poets by reason of his superfine imagination and fastidious craftsmanship. You may know the Minute Waltz or the Funeral March.(1)
1810-1849
Renoir
Pierre-Auguste Renoir; French painter originally associated with the Impressionist movement. His early works were typically Impressionist snapshots of real life, full of sparkling colour and light. By the mid-1880s, however, he had broken with the movement to apply a more disciplined, formal technique to portraits and figure paintings, particularly of women.(1)
1841-1919
Swift
Jonathan Swift; Anglo-Irish author, the foremost prose satirist in the English language. Known for Gulliver’s Travels, A Modest Proposal, and A Tale of a Tub.(1)
1667-1745
Vermeer
Johannes Vermeer; Dutch artist who created paintings that are among the most beloved and revered images in the history of art. Only about 36 of his paintings survive. He began his career painting large-scale biblical and mythological scenes, but most of his later paintings depict scnes of daily life in interior settings. (1)
1632-1675
Debussy
Claude Debussy; French composer whose works were a seminal force in the music of the 20th century. He developed a highly original system of harmony and musical structure that expressed in many respects the ideals to which the Impressionist and Symbolist painters and writers of his time aspired. His major works include Claire de Lune, La Mer, and the opera Pelléas et Mélisande. (1)
1862-1918
De Maupassant
Guy de Maupassant; French naturalist writer of short stories and novels who is by general agreement the greatest French short-story writer. (1)
1850-1893
Dumas
Alexandre Dumas; one of the most prolific and most popular French authors of the 19th century. Known for The Count of Monte Cristo and The Three Musketeers. (1)
1802-1870
Dukas
Paul Dukas; French composer whose fame rests on a single orchestral work: L’Apprenti sorcier (The Sorcerer’s Apprentice) (1)
1865-1935
Dufay
Guillaume Dufay; Franco-Flemish composer noted for both his church music and his secular chansons. (1)
1397-1474
Defoe
Daniel Defoe; English novelist, pamphleteer, and journalist. Author of Robinson Crusoe and Moll Flanders. (1)
1660-1731
Simpatico
Agreeable, likable; having shared qualities, interests, etc; like-minded, sympathetic (2)
Gramophone
A phonograph; any sound-reproducing machine using records in the form of cylinders or discs (2)
Anna Karenina
Novel by Leo Tolstoy, published in installments between 1875-1877 and considered one of the pinnacles of world literature. Narrative centers on the adulterous affair between Anna and Count Vronsky. Anna has a child with the Count, and the story follows her trips to see the child who lives with Vronsky. She becomes bitter towards Vronsky and eventually regards him as unfaithful. Out of desperation, Anna goes to the train station, purchases a ticket, and then throws herself in front of the incoming train. A parallel love story, involving the difficult courtship and fulfilling marriage of Kitty and Levin, provides a rich counterpoint to the tragedy.(1)
Coup-de-grace
A death blow or death shot administered to end the suffering of one mortally wounded; a decisive finishing blow, act, or event.(2)
Cold cream
A soothing and cleansing cosmetic; used to remove makeup (2)
Fever
A rise of body temperature above the normal; a state of heightened or intense emotion or activity; a contagious usually transient enthusiasm (2)
The Red and the Black
Novel by Stendhal; Published in French in 1830; Set in France during the Second Restoration (1815-1830), is a powerful character study of Julien Sorel, an ambitious young man who uses seduction as a tool for advancement.(1)
The Magic Mountain
A novel of ideas by Thomas Mann, originally published in German in 1924. It is considered a towering example of the bildungsroman, a novel recounting the main character’s formative years.(1)
Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde
Novella by Robert Louis Stevenson, published in 1886. The names of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, the two alter egos of the main character, have become shorthand for the exhibition of wildly contradictory behavior, especially between private and public selves.(1)
Bespectacled
Wearing spectacles/glasses (2)
The Way of All Flesh
Autobiographical novel by Samuel Butler, published posthumously in 1903, although it was written two decades prior. Beginning with the life of John Pontifex, a carpenter, the novel traces four generations of the Pontifex family, each of which perpetuates the frustration and unhappiness of its predecessor largely as a result of parental repression. Only Ernest Pontifex, the great-grandson of John, is able to break the cycle.(1)
Optometrist
A specialist licensed to practice optometry, the health-care profession concerned especially with examining the eye for defects and faults of refraction, with prescribing correctional lenses or eye exercises, diagnosing diseases of the eyes, and treating such diseases or referring them for treatment.(2)
Toilet water
Also known as “eau de toilette”; a perfumed liquid containing a lower percentage of fragrant oils than is contained in ordinary perfume (eau de parfum) (2)
War & Peace
Epic historical novel by Leo Tolstoy, originally published in 1865-1869. Panoramic study of early 19th-century Russian society, noted for its mastery of realistic detail and variety of psychological analysis.(1)
Maugham
W. Somerset Maugham; English novelist, playwright, short-story writer whose work is characterized by clear unadorned style, cosmopolitan settings, and a shrewd understanding of human nature. Works include Of Human Bondage, The Painted Veil, and The Razor’s Edge.(1)
1874-1965
Remarque
Erich Maria Remarque; novelist known for All Quiet on the Western Front, perhaps the best-known and most representative novel dealing with World War I.(1)
1898-1970
Dutch
With each person paying his or her own way(2)
Tête-á-tête
A private conversation between two persons(2)
(1)Definition gathered from Encyclopedia Britannica.
(2)Definition gathered from Merriam-Webster.
George Bernard Shaw; Irish comic dramatist, literary critic, and socialist propagandist, winner of the Nobel Prize for literature in 1925. Wrote plays such as Major Barbara, Pygmalion, and Saint Joan.(1)
1856-1950
Flaubert
Gustave Flaubert; novelist regarded as the prime mover of the realist school of French literature and best known for his masterpiece, Madame Bovary (1857), a realistic portrayal of bourgeois life, which led to a trial on charges of the novel’s alleged immorality.(1)
1821-1880
Chopin
Frédéric Chopin; Polish French composer and pianist of the Romantic period, best known for his solo pieces for piano and his piano concerti. Ranks as one of music’s greatest tone poets by reason of his superfine imagination and fastidious craftsmanship. You may know the Minute Waltz or the Funeral March.(1)
1810-1849
Renoir
Pierre-Auguste Renoir; French painter originally associated with the Impressionist movement. His early works were typically Impressionist snapshots of real life, full of sparkling colour and light. By the mid-1880s, however, he had broken with the movement to apply a more disciplined, formal technique to portraits and figure paintings, particularly of women.(1)
1841-1919
Swift
Jonathan Swift; Anglo-Irish author, the foremost prose satirist in the English language. Known for Gulliver’s Travels, A Modest Proposal, and A Tale of a Tub.(1)
1667-1745
Vermeer
Johannes Vermeer; Dutch artist who created paintings that are among the most beloved and revered images in the history of art. Only about 36 of his paintings survive. He began his career painting large-scale biblical and mythological scenes, but most of his later paintings depict scnes of daily life in interior settings. (1)
1632-1675
Debussy
Claude Debussy; French composer whose works were a seminal force in the music of the 20th century. He developed a highly original system of harmony and musical structure that expressed in many respects the ideals to which the Impressionist and Symbolist painters and writers of his time aspired. His major works include Claire de Lune, La Mer, and the opera Pelléas et Mélisande. (1)
1862-1918
De Maupassant
Guy de Maupassant; French naturalist writer of short stories and novels who is by general agreement the greatest French short-story writer. (1)
1850-1893
Dumas
Alexandre Dumas; one of the most prolific and most popular French authors of the 19th century. Known for The Count of Monte Cristo and The Three Musketeers. (1)
1802-1870
Dukas
Paul Dukas; French composer whose fame rests on a single orchestral work: L’Apprenti sorcier (The Sorcerer’s Apprentice) (1)
1865-1935
Dufay
Guillaume Dufay; Franco-Flemish composer noted for both his church music and his secular chansons. (1)
1397-1474
Defoe
Daniel Defoe; English novelist, pamphleteer, and journalist. Author of Robinson Crusoe and Moll Flanders. (1)
1660-1731
Simpatico
Agreeable, likable; having shared qualities, interests, etc; like-minded, sympathetic (2)
Gramophone
A phonograph; any sound-reproducing machine using records in the form of cylinders or discs (2)
Anna Karenina
Novel by Leo Tolstoy, published in installments between 1875-1877 and considered one of the pinnacles of world literature. Narrative centers on the adulterous affair between Anna and Count Vronsky. Anna has a child with the Count, and the story follows her trips to see the child who lives with Vronsky. She becomes bitter towards Vronsky and eventually regards him as unfaithful. Out of desperation, Anna goes to the train station, purchases a ticket, and then throws herself in front of the incoming train. A parallel love story, involving the difficult courtship and fulfilling marriage of Kitty and Levin, provides a rich counterpoint to the tragedy.(1)
Coup-de-grace
A death blow or death shot administered to end the suffering of one mortally wounded; a decisive finishing blow, act, or event.(2)
Cold cream
A soothing and cleansing cosmetic; used to remove makeup (2)
Fever
A rise of body temperature above the normal; a state of heightened or intense emotion or activity; a contagious usually transient enthusiasm (2)
The Red and the Black
Novel by Stendhal; Published in French in 1830; Set in France during the Second Restoration (1815-1830), is a powerful character study of Julien Sorel, an ambitious young man who uses seduction as a tool for advancement.(1)
The Magic Mountain
A novel of ideas by Thomas Mann, originally published in German in 1924. It is considered a towering example of the bildungsroman, a novel recounting the main character’s formative years.(1)
Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde
Novella by Robert Louis Stevenson, published in 1886. The names of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, the two alter egos of the main character, have become shorthand for the exhibition of wildly contradictory behavior, especially between private and public selves.(1)
Bespectacled
Wearing spectacles/glasses (2)
The Way of All Flesh
Autobiographical novel by Samuel Butler, published posthumously in 1903, although it was written two decades prior. Beginning with the life of John Pontifex, a carpenter, the novel traces four generations of the Pontifex family, each of which perpetuates the frustration and unhappiness of its predecessor largely as a result of parental repression. Only Ernest Pontifex, the great-grandson of John, is able to break the cycle.(1)
Optometrist
A specialist licensed to practice optometry, the health-care profession concerned especially with examining the eye for defects and faults of refraction, with prescribing correctional lenses or eye exercises, diagnosing diseases of the eyes, and treating such diseases or referring them for treatment.(2)
Toilet water
Also known as “eau de toilette”; a perfumed liquid containing a lower percentage of fragrant oils than is contained in ordinary perfume (eau de parfum) (2)
War & Peace
Epic historical novel by Leo Tolstoy, originally published in 1865-1869. Panoramic study of early 19th-century Russian society, noted for its mastery of realistic detail and variety of psychological analysis.(1)
Maugham
W. Somerset Maugham; English novelist, playwright, short-story writer whose work is characterized by clear unadorned style, cosmopolitan settings, and a shrewd understanding of human nature. Works include Of Human Bondage, The Painted Veil, and The Razor’s Edge.(1)
1874-1965
Remarque
Erich Maria Remarque; novelist known for All Quiet on the Western Front, perhaps the best-known and most representative novel dealing with World War I.(1)
1898-1970
Dutch
With each person paying his or her own way(2)
Tête-á-tête
A private conversation between two persons(2)
(1)Definition gathered from Encyclopedia Britannica.
(2)Definition gathered from Merriam-Webster.